小学五年级应掌握的英语基础知识
来源：济南奥数网 2011-01-17 18:08:09
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1. 字母：(大小)辨认、书写顺序；元音字母：Aa , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu 2. 数字：1~999的基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物、时间、日期等。 句型： ①What's your number? ②What's the time? ③How many pens are there? ④How old are you? ⑤How much is it? ⑥How tall are you? ⑦How heavy are you？ ⑧What time do you get up? ⑨When's your birthday? ⑩What time did you see him? 3. 颜色：单词：red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, green。 句型： ①What colour is it? ②What's your favourite colour? 4. 时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻： Season (spring, summer, autumn, winter) Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday。 Day: 1st May (the first of May)， May 2nd (May the second) 句型：见话题2。 5. 食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品。 句型： ①I like biscuits。 ②I'd like a cold drink。 ③Would you like some buns? ④Do you want some rice? ⑤This isn't my food。 6. 服装：服装的颜色；人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系；位置等。 句型： ①I like the green T-shirt。 ②Where's my new cap? ③Who's shirt is this? ④Is this your hat? 7. 物品：名词的单、复数；特点、颜色、所属关系； 存在的位置：in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside 玩具：toy car, doll 文具：desk, book, bag, pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, pencil sharpener 句型： ①What's this? ②What colour is it? ③Whose is this? ④This is my brother's painting。 ⑤I have a puppet。 ⑥There's a car near the hospital。 ⑦Was it in the wardrobe? ⑧Is there a book on the desk? ⑨That's not mine。 8. 动物和植物：cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice)， elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, flower, rose。 9. 建筑与场所：factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink, cafe, house(bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen)， garden。 10. 身体：head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, hand, finger, foot(feet) ,toe. 外貌：fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair。 句型： ①This is my nose。 ②Touch your head。 ③Raise your arm。 11. 个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好。 句型： ①I'm twelve years old。 ②My hobby is reading。 ③I like music。 ④I'm interested in space。 ⑤My name is Peter。 ⑥I'm tall and thin。 ⑦Do you have any hobbies? 12. 家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点与爱好、与你的关系 family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad)， grandmother(grandma/grand mum)， father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend。 句型： ①Who's he? He's my father。 ②He's a doctor ③He likes playing games。 ④My father helps me。 ⑤Is he a soldier? ⑥What's he? 13. 学校：学校建筑和学校生活。school, classroom, library, playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, science。 句型： ①When do you go to school? ②What time do you have English? 14. 情绪和身体状态：happy, sad, tired, angry, shy, sorry, well, sick。 句型： ①I'm sick。 ②I'm happy。 ③We are sorry。 ④I feel sad。 15. 社交礼仪：礼貌用语；询问与应答。 句型： 问候 ①Hello./ Hi。 ②Good morning/afternoon/evening。 ③How are you? ④How do you do? ⑤Glad to meet you./ Nice to meet you。 介绍 ①My name is… ②I'm a pupil。 ③I'm 12. ④This is our teacher, Miss Chen。 ⑤He is from Japan。 道别 ①Goodbye./Bye。 ②See you。 ③Good night。 道谢 ①Thank you./Thanks。 ②You're welcome。 道歉 ①Sorry。 ②I'm sorry。 ③Excuse me。 请求 ①Can I have a puppy? ②Can I borrow a pencil? ③Yes, please。 ④Of course。 祝愿 ①Happy birthday。 ②Merry Christmas。 提供帮助 ①Can I help you? ②What can I do for you? ③What's the matter? 寻求帮助和建议 ①What can I do? 用餐 ①Do you want some soup? ②Would you like some rice? ③I'd like a cold drink。 购物 ①Which one do you want? ②Can I look at it? ③I want a red one, please。 ④It's too expensive。 ⑤Have you got enough money? ⑥How much is it? 16. 国家与国庆日：China, Japan, America (the USA)， English( the UK)， Australia, Russia, Canada, Singapore, India, France。 句型： ①When's your country's National Day? ②I come from China。 17. 天气与气候特征：hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, cloud, cloudy。 句型： ①What's the weather like? ②It’s a cold day。 ③Spring is warm and nice。 ④Tomorrow will be rainy。 ⑤I like a sunny day。 18. 节日：节日的特点；节日的活动。New Year's Day, Spring Festival, Children's Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers' Day , National Day, Christmas Day, Dragon Boat Festival。 19. 正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事。 句型： ①Are you making a kite? ②Peter is writing。 ③What's Anne doing? ④Where are you going? ⑤What are they doing? ⑥Is he running? 20. 日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动。 句型： ①I come to school by bus。 ②Your homework is good。 ③What time do you get up? ④She always get up early。 21. 计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作 be going to do … 句型： ①I'm/You're /He's/She's /We're/They're (not) going to swim。 ②Are you going to swim? ③Is he/she going to visit Anne? ④What are you going to do? ⑤What is he going to do? ⑥When are they going to swim? ⑦Tomorrow will be rainy。 ⑧I'll stay at home。 22. 能力和可能：能做某事或可能进行某事。 句型： ①Can you read and write in English? ②Can I have a puppy? ③What can you do? ④She can run fast。 23. 过去发生的事情或过去的打算：过去式。 句型： ①Where were you? ②Who was first? ③Was it in the wardrobe? ④Benny took my ball。 ⑤Where did you go? ⑥What did you do? ⑦I came by plane。 ⑧Anne wanted to skate。 24. 对事物的比较：比较级和最高级。 句型： ①My singing is louder than yours。 ②I'm taller than you。 ③There more shops in Picture One。 ④Some stories are more interesting than others。 ⑤The most interesting stories。 ⑥Who is fatter? 25. 提醒与告示： ①What does that sign mean? ②Draw a cat on the roof。 ③Don't put your feet on the seat。 ④No speaking。 ⑤Do not go in。 26. 擅长和喜欢的事情： ①I'm/ You're/ He's good at drawing。 ②I like playing basketball。 |
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